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Dapr .NetCore Actor

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分类: .net后台框架

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/896fd38e95b346f9a0d98c54b135bb94.jpg)
>#Dapr .NetCore Actor
[TOC]

Actor简介
------------

tn2>简单来讲就是锁的作用，可以用作单线程调用实例，起到加锁的效果。解决了并发抢票的。
比如：抢车票的应用场景。

工作原理
------------

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/25c3b99c88fb4c6aa695cddcf16bdaab.png)

tn2>Dapr启动app时，Sidecar调用Actors获取配置信息，之后Sidecar将Actors的信息发送到 **安置服务（Placement Service）**，安置服务会将不同的Actor类型根据其Id和Actor类型分区，并将Actor信息广播到所有dapr实例。

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/4b2d82b8dc0e4bf9ac4fe284e16520ff.png)

tn2> 在客户端调用某个Actor时，安置服务会根据其Id和Actor类型，找到其所在的dapr实例，并执行其方法。

tn>调用Actors方法

```bash
POST/GET/PUT/DELETE http://localhost:3500/v1.0/actors/<actorType>/<actorId>/method/<method>
```

| 参数名  | 描述  |
| ------------ | ------------ |
| `actorType`  | 执行组件类型。  |
| `actorId`  | 要调用的特定参与者的。  |
| `method`  | 要调用的方法。  |

抢订单Demo
------------

tn2>我们通过100个线程并发访问来进行抢10个商品多案例。

>###创建ActorDaprManager项目

tn2>首先安装相关依赖

```xml
<PackageReference Include="Dapr.Actors.AspNetCore" Version="1.4.0" />
<PackageReference Include="Dapr.AspNetCore" Version="1.4.0" />
```

tn2>安装其他依赖项

```xml
<PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="13.0.1" />
<PackageReference Include="ServiceStack.Redis" Version="5.13.2" />
<PackageReference Include="StackExchange.Redis" Version="2.2.88" />
<PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore" Version="6.2.3" />
```

>###创建 Actor

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/4fe03d0b78164af3b8934d8dd7fdf233.png)

```csharp
public interface IDemoActor : IActor
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 初始化10个库存
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public Task Init();
    /// <summary>
    /// 获取库存
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public Task<long> GetInventory();
    /// <summary>
    /// 下订单
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public Task<long> SetOrder();
}
```

```csharp
public class DemoActor : Actor, IDemoActor
{
    RedisHelper _RedisHelper;
    public DemoActor(ActorHost host, RedisHelper redisHelper) : base(host)
    {
        _RedisHelper = redisHelper;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 初始化库存
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public async Task Init()
    {
        await StateManager.SetStateAsync("init", "init");
        await _RedisHelper.GetDatabase().StringSetAsync("InventoryNum", 10);
        await _RedisHelper.GetDatabase().StringSetAsync("OrderNum", 0);
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 获取剩余库存
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public Task<long> GetInventory() 
    {
        var result = _RedisHelper.GetDatabase().StringGet("InventoryNum").ConvertTo<long>();
        return Task.FromResult(result);
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 下订单
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public Task<long> SetOrder()
    {
        var result = GetInventory().Result;
        if (result > 0)
        {
            _RedisHelper.GetDatabase().StringIncrement("OrderNum");
            return _RedisHelper.GetDatabase().StringDecrementAsync("InventoryNum");
        }
        return Task.FromResult(long.Parse("-1"));
    }
}
```

tn2>关于StateManager存储默认是由`~/.dapr/components/statestore.yaml`指定的，一般都是Redis做存储，要使用时还需启动`statestore.yaml`中的`actorStateStore`参数才行。

```yaml
apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1
kind: Component
metadata:
  name: statestore
spec:
  type: state.redis
  version: v1
  metadata:
  - name: redisHost
    value: localhost:6379
  - name: redisPassword
    value: ""
  - name: actorStateStore
    value: "true"
```

tn2>除此之外，还需要创建RedisHelper，其实也可以换成其他的存储。


```csharp
public class RedisHelper
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Redis操作对象
    /// </summary>
    protected readonly IDatabase redis = null;
    /// <summary>
    /// 初始化Redis操作方法基础类
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="dbNum"></param>
    public RedisHelper(string connstr = "127.0.0.1:6380", int dbNum = 0)
    {
        redis = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(connstr).GetDatabase(dbNum);
    }
    public IDatabase GetDatabase()
    {
        return redis;
    }
}
public static class IntTool
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 将值反系列化成对象
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="value"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static T ConvertObj<T>(this RedisValue value)
    {
        return value.IsNullOrEmpty ? default(T) : JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(value);
    }
}
```

tn>注意Redis的Ip与端口

tn2>定义了三个方法

| 方法名 | 描述 |
| ------------ | ------------ |
| `Init`  | 初始化库存10个  |
| `GetInventory`  | 获取剩余库存  |
| `SetOrder`  | 下订单  |

tn2>注册相关服务

```csharp
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddSingleton<RedisHelper, RedisHelper>();
    services.AddControllers().AddDapr();
    services.AddActors(option => {
        option.Actors.RegisterActor<DemoActor>();
    });
    services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
    {
        c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "HMY", Version = "v1" });
    });
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
    app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
    app.UseSwagger();
    app.UseSwaggerUI(c => c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "HMY v1"));
    app.UseRouting();
    app.UseAuthorization();
    app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
    {
        endpoints.MapActorsHandlers();
        endpoints.MapControllers();
    });
}
```

tn2>添加`DemoController`控制器

```csharp
[ApiController]
public class DemoController:Controller
{
    [HttpPost("Init")]
    public void Init()
    {
        var actorinit = GetDemo_Actor(Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
        actorinit.Init().Wait();
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 不同的
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [HttpPost("DemoDifferentActor")]
    public string DemoDifferentActor()
    {
        var actor = GetDemo_Actor(Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
        actor.SetOrder();
        return "ok";
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 同一个
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [HttpPost("DemoSameActor")]
    public string DemoSameActor()
    {
        var actor = actorid;
        actor.SetOrder();
        return "ok";
    }
    public static IDemoActor actorid = GetDemo_Actor("bcd");
    public static IDemoActor GetDemo_Actor(string actorid)
    {
        var actorId = new ActorId(actorid.ToString());
        return ActorProxy.Create<IDemoActor>(actorId, nameof(ActorDaprManager.Actors.DemoActor));
    }
}
```

tn2>我们定义了三个方法，Init用作初始化，DemoDifferentActor是不同的actorId创建出的不同实例，DemoSameActor是相同的actorId创建的相同的实例。

>### 运行并初始化数据

```csharp
dapr run --app-id myapp --app-port 5000 --dapr-http-port 3500 -- dotnet run
```

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/008b2493f99e4a5ab22a35dcee1b7f93.png)

tn2>在我们的Swagger中，调用Demo控制器中的Init方法。

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/668c3220e64a434eac2d8a48b9d3f152.png)

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/45ac8c26a0274a9098bba09caf3a9d6b.png)

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/de94f4fd773d48a595bc331601cc4c7f.png)


>### Jmeter配置

tn2>并发调用100个线程同时请求10个商品的情况

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/fb0bcdefd18a498eb68c65935d07780d.png)

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/d5e7f286ef4443a5b1601d5c71f9db2f.png)

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/4c7a653e4cb34c61b276b85f188e7909.png)

>### 调用不同Actor进行测试


![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/0888129b1cbf4221b2a1273dc96d0d58.png)

tn2>首先我们看到每一秒处理4347个请求这个性能还是很高的。接下来我们来看看请求后的数据结果。

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/c72a58703be147c2898d50936d650895.png)

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/cab48be54e584dea8fa747e6baee5df7.png)

tn2>我们发现购买时已经超过了我们原有的库存量，发生并发问题。可以通过下图来进行理解。

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/c1ab0f8af0664ba3abec75653dc6666e.png)

>### 调用相同Actor进行测试

tn2>首先需要初始化应用数据，自己调吧！就Init那方法。
然后进行调用相同的ActorId

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/7923b3f7ceb9402d850f2006768182af.png)

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/4df2939b371d435fa663f3339b51f115.png)

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/ee30fcaf36ba475998b9ec346592c637.png)

tn2>我们发现它执行时加上锁了的。执行流程如下图所示。

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/8d711628384c430289df901ac4144e3a.png)

Timer的使用
------------

tn2>定时触发Actor中的某个方法。
结合上面案例添加相关接口与代码的实现。

```csharp
public interface IDemoActor : IActor
{
	...

    /// <summary>
    /// 注册Timer
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public Task RegisterTime();
    /// <summary>
    /// 注销Timer
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public Task UnRegisterTime();
    /// <summary>
    /// Timer回调
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public Task TimerCallBack();
}
```

tn2>`RegisterTime`方法设置第一次间隔5秒执行一次TimerCallBack随后每5秒调用一次，并将timer命名为Test。
`UnregisterTimerAsync`方法注销Test Timer。
`TimerCallBack`仅做一个日志打印。

```csharp
public class DemoActor : Actor, IDemoActor
{
    RedisHelper _RedisHelper;
    ILogger<DemoActor> _log;
    public DemoActor(
        ActorHost host,
        RedisHelper redisHelper,
        ILogger<DemoActor> log
        ) : base(host)
    {
        _log = log;
        _RedisHelper = redisHelper;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 初始化库存
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public async Task Init()
    {
        await StateManager.SetStateAsync("init", "init");
        await _RedisHelper.GetDatabase().StringSetAsync("InventoryNum", 10);
        await _RedisHelper.GetDatabase().StringSetAsync("OrderNum", 0);
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 获取剩余库存
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public Task<long> GetInventory() 
    {
        var result = _RedisHelper.GetDatabase().StringGet("InventoryNum").ConvertTo<long>();
        return Task.FromResult(result);
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 下订单
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public Task<long> SetOrder()
    {
        var result = GetInventory().Result;
        if (result > 0)
        {
            _RedisHelper.GetDatabase().StringIncrement("OrderNum");
            return _RedisHelper.GetDatabase().StringDecrementAsync("InventoryNum");
        }
        return Task.FromResult(long.Parse("-1"));
    }
    public Task RegisterTime()
    {
        return this.RegisterTimerAsync("Test",nameof(this.TimerCallBack),null,TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5),TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
    }
    public Task UnRegisterTime()
    {
        return this.UnregisterTimerAsync("Test");
    }
    public Task TimerCallBack()
    {
        _log.LogInformation($"[{DateTime.Now}]--Thread: {Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId} Log");
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }
}
```

tn2>在控制器中添加对应的方法。

```csharp
/// <summary>
/// 启动Timer
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpPost("RegisterTime")]
public string RegisterTime()
{
    actorid.RegisterTime();
    return "ok";
}
/// <summary>
/// 注销Timer
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpPost("UnRegisterTime")]
public string UnRegisterTime()
{
    actorid.UnRegisterTime();
    return "ok";
}
```

>### 运行测试

tn2>先启动该Timer。

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/ff2abf725bda4a04a6695abc22a35394.png)

tn2>查看定时日志输出情况。

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/c1012b96a0b74ce384548fc955d150be.png)

tn2>最后注销该Timer。

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/4c1007424ddc4c4db01296d87e222a54.png)

Reminder
------------

tn2>与Timer计算器的功能是一样的，只是当Actor实例释放或者调度到其他主机上时，Reminder将会继续开启调度，并因此重新创建actor。

```csharp
/// <summary>
/// 注册Reminder
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public Task RegisterReminder();
/// <summary>
/// 注销Reminder
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public Task UnRegisterReminder();
```

tn2>在DemoActor中实现IRemindable接口

```csharp
public class DemoActor : Actor, IDemoActor,IRemindable
```

```csharp
public Task ReceiveReminderAsync(string reminderName, byte[] state, TimeSpan dueTime, TimeSpan period)
{
    _log.LogInformation($"Reminder [{DateTime.Now}]--Thread: {Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId} Log");
    return Task.CompletedTask;
}
public Task RegisterReminder()
{
    _log.LogInformation("Reminder 已经注册");
    return this.RegisterReminderAsync("TestReminder", null, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));
}
public Task UnRegisterReminder()
{
    _log.LogInformation("Reminder 已经注销");
    return this.UnregisterReminderAsync("TestReminder");
}
```

tn2>并在控制器中定义相关接口

```csharp
/// <summary>
/// 启动Reminder
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpPost("RegisterReminder")]
public string RegisterReminder()
{
    actorid.RegisterReminder();
    return "ok";
}
/// <summary>
/// 注销Reminder
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpPost("UnRegisterReminder")]
public string UnRegisterReminder()
{
    actorid.UnRegisterReminder();
    return "ok";
}
```

tn2>测试附上一张图

![](https://img.tnblog.net/arcimg/hb/ed14fff3794d475cb0e9882a89b8d401.png)

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Dapr .NetCore Actor

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